Hypothermia in dogs and cats: signs, causes and prevention

As temperatures drop and days get colder, health risks for pets increase significantly. Dogs and cats exposed to the cold can develop the disease hypothermiaa serious condition that can put their lives at risk. In this article we will talk about what hypothermia is, what are the signs that should warn you and how to prevent this condition in the cold season.

What is hypothermia?

Hypothermia occurs when an animal’s body temperature drops below normal, i.e. below approximately 37.5-38.5°C in dogs and cats. When this happens, the body can no longer function properly and vital functions are compromised. In extreme cases, hypothermia can lead to coma or even death.

Warning signs of hypothermia

It is essential to recognize the signs of hypothermia as early as possible, as this can give you time to intervene quickly and prevent serious complications. Hypothermia can progress rapidly and be life-threatening, and symptoms can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Here are the most common warning signs in dogs and cats:

1. Trembling excessively
   A vigorous shiver is often the first sign that the animal is trying to regulate its body temperature. Shivering occurs in response to a drop in temperature and is a natural mechanism for generating heat. If shivering persists or becomes intense, it may signal moderate or severe hypothermia.
2. Lack of energy and lethargy
   Dogs and cats suffering from hypothermia become extremely tired and their energy decreases significantly. Usually active and curious, these animals will show clear signs of lethargy, having a much more apathetic behavior than usual. They no longer want to play, they do not respond to stimuli and prefer to sit in an isolated place, often on a cold surface, to try to cool down.
3. Shallow and slow breathing
   As hypothermia worsens, the animal’s breathing will become shallower and rarer. Normally dogs and cats breathe at a constant rate, but in cases of hypothermia this rate can slow down significantly, which can lead to insufficient oxygenation of the body. In severe situations, breathing may become almost imperceptible.
4. Cold, pale skin
   Another important sign of hypothermia is skin that is cold to the touch. When checking your pet’s body temperature, the skin may become unusually cool and the head, mouth and ears may turn pale, a sign that blood circulation is impaired. Under these conditions, peripheral capillaries (especially those in the body’s extremities) contract to conserve heat, which can make the skin feel cold and lose its normal color.
5. Poor coordination
   As the body temperature drops, the nervous system is compromised and the animal may begin to show signs of poor coordination. These may include a more hesitant walk, slow, unsteady movements, or even obvious difficulty lifting their paws or moving normally. In some cases the animal may appear confused and its behavior may become inconsistent.
6. Coma or loss of consciousness
   If hypothermia becomes severe, the animal may enter a coma or lose consciousness completely. This is a serious medical emergency and requires immediate intervention. In the final stages of hypothermia, the body’s vital functions are impaired and the core temperature can drop extremely low, which can lead to the collapse of internal organs. In these cases it is essential to contact a veterinarian as soon as possible.

How to prevent hypothermia in dogs and cats

Preventing hypothermia is essential to your pets’ safety during cold weather. Here are some protective measures you can take:

1. Limit exposure to cold
   Avoid taking your dog or cat out for long periods when temperatures are very low, especially if the animal is not used to the cold. Dogs and cats that are older, sick, or in poor health are much more susceptible to hypothermia.
2. Appropriate clothing for dogs
   For thin-coated or small dogs, a protective coat can make a difference. Make sure it’s thick enough to protect them from the cold and wind.
3. Warm, dry places to shelter
   If your pet lives outdoors, make sure they have a warm, dry, well-insulated shelter where they can shelter from the intense cold. A place protected from the wind is essential.
4. Adequate hydration and nutrition
   In cold weather, dogs and cats may consume more calories to maintain body temperature. Give them warm food and fresh water, making sure they have enough energy.
5. Check the animal’s shelter
   Even if your pet is indoors, make sure there are no cold areas in the house (for example, near uninsulated hardware or old hardware). If possible, place a pillow or blanket for the pet to sleep on, so that it is not sitting directly on the cold floor.
6. Watch out for signs of a cold
   It is essential to pay attention to your pet’s behavior and act immediately if you notice signs of hypothermia. Dogs who shiver or become more agitated may need a break to warm up in a warmer place.

What should you do if you suspect your pet has hypothermia?

If you suspect your pet is suffering from hypothermia, it is important to act quickly:

1. Move the animal to a warm place – Place it in a place away from wind and cold, for example a warm room in the house.
2. Warm it up gradually – Use warm blankets or a bottle of warm (not hot!) water to gradually warm him. Avoid applying direct and too intense heat sources, as this can cause further damage.
3. Contact a veterinarian – If your pet does not recover quickly or if signs of hypothermia are severe, it is essential to contact a veterinarian immediately.

Conclusion

In the cold season, protecting dogs and cats from hypothermia is a priority for every responsible owner. By monitoring their behavior and taking the right preventative measures, you can ensure your pet’s health and safety during the winter. Remember, if in doubt, always consult a vet for further advice!

To ensure that your four-legged friend is safe and comfortable during the winter, don’t forget to prepare your pet with quality products. ON lilpet.royou can find a wide range of dog clothing, accessories for protection from the cold, blankets and warm shelters that will help him face the cold temperatures. Plus, you can order quickly from the comfort of your home and protect your companion from the winter cold!